Atonement vocab

Connections List
 * Sacrifices
 * JC death atonement
 * Salvation imagery
 * Forgiveness
 * JC Firstborn
 * Justice
 * Law

Scope
 * Words/terms/concepts regarding atonement
 * Mostly taken from the youtube series on atonement by William Lane Craig, "join me in my study"

Categories


 * Summary using sentences
 * Atonement
 * Guilt and Punishment
 * Payment
 * Assignment
 * Substitution
 * Atonement Theories
 * Motifs / imagery

SUMMARY USING SENTENCES

God expiated our punitive guilt, imputing and not infusing it onto JC. JC took the punishment (if not expressivism or expressivism allows imputing) and suffered. The suffering was death, which breaks contracts (Rom 7). Additionally, due to house function, JC is our substitute, representative, and ambassador and his righteousness is imputed to us. Over sanctification, righteousness is infused in us.

ATONEMENT


 * Atonement
 * Reconciliation with God
 * cleanse/purify of sin or impurity

GUILT and PUNISHMENT


 * Expressivism - punishment implies/requires guilt
 * Punishment - suffering inflicted in response to guilt. If expressivism, must be inflicted on guilty party.
 * Guilt (legal 1) - assigned to actions or person, can be gained and removed, =pending punishment. In more modern supreme court decisions, guilt=historical fact of crime
 * Guilt (legal 2) - status relative to the government/law. A record of wrongdoing OR status of having done wrong in the past.
 * Guilt (moral) - being corrupt in nature
 * Sports penalty - convention/arbitrary, not morally heavy
 * Civil standing - if you commit sin and pay for it, you might still not be trusted as a member of society. I made up this term.

PAYMENT


 * Pardon - to remove legal guilt (justify?, e.g. remove felony status) and punishment (but can be given after punishment) but retains moral guilt (needs sanct?). Pardon is the legal equivalent of the emotional Forgiveness. Some think pardons are just to correct some legal error, which might fit if JC makes us righteous, then our previous sentence is unjust. In the past, had to be accepted to be valid. In modern supreme court, doesn't have to be accepted in the case of modifying a punishment.
 * view 1 - removes conviction (=legal standing or historical event?) and punishment
 * view 2 - does not remove conviction or punishment
 * view 3 - removes conviction but not punishment
 * view 4 - removes punishment but not conviction (Craig's view)


 * Propitiation - to pay or appease wrath, also used as noun for the payment
 * Forgiveness

ASSIGNMENT


 * Expiation - to remove sin, justification. Col 2:14
 * Impute - to assign onto
 * Infusion - to change actual properties of direct object
 * Vicarious liability - guilty of errors commited not by yourself, by way of JC house. In modern law, examples using companies and employees, requires the right, duty, and ability to control the employee and the violation must be in relation to the job.

LEGAL FICTIONLegal fiction (fiat) - arbitrary/false functions/settings used to make logical sense out of good rulings (such as Menorca is part of London for land disputes)

Legal fiction (function) - nonphysical legal constructs, similar to math, used to facilitate abstract functions (like JC being guilty maybe)

JUSTICIES - see Justice connection

SUBSTITUTES (add these to lang model)


 * Substitute (properties) - all properties of new now apply
 * Substitute (functional, Nick Meinerz) - fulfills specific functions as replacement only, like a servant, like substitute teacher
 * Substitute (properties, decisions) - can make decisions on behalf
 * Representative, agent - can make decisions on behalf of, but properties do not apply
 * Proxy - has no authority, fulfills ceremonial role as instructed only, servant
 * Ambassador - communications and thinking but no real authority
 * Vicarious ....

ATONEMENT THEORIES (see also main JC death atonement page)


 * Ransom - b/c sinned, Satan has us, JC pays or fights to get us back. Does not conflict with penal substitution.
 * Satisfaction - idk how this is special or different from penal substitution.
 * Penal substitution - JC took punishment instead of us
 * Governmental - punished is similar but not same as what we deserve, God does not need to punish sin?
 * Moral influence - cross is suggestion/example of selflessness ? - JC comes along with us, to help(ish). This does not pay, nor is it possible for a divine to become sinful.
 * Christus Victor - a broad category for theories in which JC gains victory over death, satan, and sin. Subtheories include ransom, but also "satan attacked jc (and took captives?), so God took everything away from satan, including human captives".
 * "New Perspective On Paul" - gods righteousness is just his faithfulness to covenant

MOTIFS/MODELS (related to atonement theories)


 * See Salvation imagery
 * Sacrifices - see that page
 * Suffering Servant - in OT Isaiah, implements sacrifice, voluntary, gentle (towards beneficiaries?), righteous (for imputation to beneficiaries).
 * Redeem / free / fight - God saves his people with power
 * Ransom - sacrifices of animals and also suffering servant
 * Conquer death

Note that accepted punishment forces the resurrection since further death is not justified. Also note JC Firstborn